Ayushya Homam is a Vedic homam dedicated to Ayur Devata, the deity associated with lifespan (ayus). It is especially common in South Indian households, where it is traditionally performed on a child's first birthday and on birthdays reckoned by janma nakshatra, the lunar star under which a person was born.
The ritual usually begins with Ganapati Puja, punyahavachanam (purification) and kalash sthapana, followed by offerings into the holy fire with Ayush Suktam and related Vedic mantras. Depending on family custom, prayers to the Navagrahas, Mrityunjaya mantras or Dhanvantari may also be included.
The homam is a way for families to pray for the well-being of a loved one, whether a newborn, an elder or anyone marking a milestone. It is a devotional practice and not a substitute for medical care. Vidhis vary between regions and families, and the Pandit will follow your tradition.